Shofar FTP Archive File: orgs/canadian/canada/justice/disproportionate-harm/dh-007-01
Archive/File: orgs/canadian/canada/justice/disproportionate-harm/dh-007-01
Last-Modified: 1997/01/16
Source: Department of Justice Canada
Table 1: Hate Crimes in America: Offense Breakdown (1992)
Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice
------------------------------------------------------------
Offence # of Incidents % Total Incidents
------------------------------------------------------------
Threats 3,328 37%
Mischief/Vandalism 2,040 23%
Assault 1,765 20%
Aggravated Assault 1,431 16%
Robbery 172 2%
Break and Enter 69 <1%
Arson 47 <1%
Theft 36 <1%
Murder 17 <1%
Rape 8 <1%
Theft Motor Vehicle 5 <1%
------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 8,075 100%
------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2: Hate Crimes in America: Target Categories (1992)
Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice
------------------------------------------------------------
Category # of Incidents % Total Incidents
------------------------------------------------------------
Racial 5,050 63%
Religious 1,240 15%
Sexual Orientation 944 12%
Ethnicity/Nationality 841 10%
------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 8,075 100%
------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3: Hate Crimes in America: Target Categories in New
York City (1987-1988)
Source: Excludes unclassified cases. Source: Garafolo (1993)
------------------------------------------------------------
Category # of Incidents % Total Incidents
------------------------------------------------------------
Racial 585 59%
Religious 280 28%
Sexual Orientation 66 7%
Ethnicity/Nationality 62 6%
------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 993 100%
------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4: Hate Crimes in America: Offence Categories by Target Group
New York City (1988)
Column totals may exceed 100% due to rounding. Source: Garafolo (1993)
------------------------------------------------------------
Offence Racial Ethnicity/ Religious Sexual
Nationality Orientation
------------------------------------------------------------
Assault 42% 42% 6% 41%
Harrassment 37% 44% 34% 45%
Mischief 7% 6% 55% 8%
Threats 6% 3% 1% 2%
Burglary/ 5% 2% 3% 2%
Robbery
Reckless 1% 2% -- 2%
Endanger
Life
Other 1% 1% 1% 1%
------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 100% 100% 100% 100%
------------------------------------------------------------
Table 5: Estimates of Number of Racially-motivated Crimes in
England and Wales (Afro-Caribbeans and Asians)
Source: British Crime Survey (1992)
------------------------------------------------------------
Assault 23,000-45,000
Threats 29,000-71,000
Vandalism 17,000-41,000
Other Crimes 8,000-171,000
------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 89,000-171,000
------------------------------------------------------------
Table 6: Racially-motivated Crimes in England and Wales:
Proportion of all crimes involving racial motivation
Source: British Crime Survey (1992); Home Office
------------------------------------------------------------
Afro-Caribbean Asian
------------------------------------------------------------
Threats 35% 57%
Assault 30% 44%
Robbery 2% 8%
Theft from motor 2% 2%
vehicle
Burglary 4% 4%
Motor vehicle theft 2% 2%
------------------------------------------------------------
All offences 14% 24%
reported to British
Crime Survey
------------------------------------------------------------
Table 7: Hate Crimes in Toronto: Target Categories
Source: Metropolitan Toronto Police
------------------------------------------------------------
Category # of Incidents % Total Incidents
------------------------------------------------------------
Racial 77 50%
Religious 54 35%
Sexual Orientation 16 10%
Ethnicity/Nationality 8 5%
------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 155 100%
------------------------------------------------------------
Table 8: Hate Crimes in Toronto: Offense Categories
Source: Metropolitan Toronto Police
------------------------------------------------------------
Offence # of Incidents % Total Incidents
------------------------------------------------------------
Mischief Under 38 25%
Assault 37 24%
Threats 27 17%
Mischief Over 21 14%
Bomb Threats 13 8%
Robbery/Break & 7 5%
Enter
Other 12 7%
------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 155 100%
------------------------------------------------------------
Table 9: Hate Crimes in Toronto: Offence Category by Target Category
Source: Metropolitan Toronto Police
------------------------------------------------------------
Target Category Crime
------------------------------------------------------------
Assault Mischief
------------------------------------------------------------
Racial 77% 58%
Religious 7% 31%
Ethnicity/Nationali 9% 8%
ty
Other 19% 3%
------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 100% 100%
------------------------------------------------------------
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